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Git Command

 

Basic Git Commands

  1. Initialize a Repository

    git init

    Initializes a new Git repository in the current directory.

  2. Clone a Repository

    git clone <repository-url>

    Copies a remote repository to your local machine.

  3. Check Repository Status

    git status

    Displays the current state of the working directory and staging area.

  4. Add Files to Staging

    git add <file>
git add .

    Stages changes for commit. Use . to stage all changes.

  5. Commit Changes


    git commit -m "Commit message"

    Saves changes to the repository with a descriptive message.

  6. View Commit History

    git log
git log --oneline

    Shows a list of commits. Use --oneline for a compact view.

Branching and Merging

  1. Create a New Branch

    git branch <branch-name>

    Creates a new branch.

  2. Switch to a Branch


    git checkout <branch-name>

    Moves to the specified branch.

  3. Create and Switch to a Branch

    git checkout -b <branch-name>

    Creates a new branch and switches to it.

  4. Merge a Branch

    git merge <branch-name>

    Combines changes from the specified branch into the current branch.

  5. Delete a Branch

    git branch -d <branch-name>

    Deletes a branch (if merged). Use -D to force delete.

Remote Repositories

  1. Add a Remote Repository

    git remote add origin <repository-url>

    Links a remote repository.

  2. View Remote Repositories

    git remote -v

    Lists remote repositories.

  3. Push Changes

    git push origin <branch-name>

    Uploads commits to the remote repository.

  4. Pull Changes

    git pull origin <branch-name>

    Fetches and integrates changes from the remote repository.

  5. Fetch Changes

    git fetch origin

    Downloads changes without merging them.

Undoing Changes

  1. Unstage Changes


    git reset <file>

    Removes a file from the staging area.

  2. Revert a Commit


    git revert <commit-hash>

    Creates a new commit to undo changes from a specific commit.

  3. Reset to a Previous Commit


    git reset --hard <commit-hash>

    Resets the repository to a specific commit (deletes changes).

Stashing Changes

  1. Stash Changes

    git stash

    Saves uncommitted changes for later.

  2. Apply Stash


    git stash apply

    Restores stashed changes.

  3. View Stashes

    git stash list

    Lists all stashes.

  4. Drop a Stash


    git stash drop

    Deletes a stash.

Advanced Commands

  1. View Differences

    git diff

    Shows changes between commits, branches, or the working directory.

  2. Tagging a Commit

    git tag <tag-name>

    Adds a tag to a specific commit.

  3. Rebase a Branch

    git rebase <branch-name>

    Reapplies commits from one branch onto another.

  4. Squash Commits

    git rebase -i <commit-hash>

    Combines multiple commits into one.

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